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Quranic Arabic   /   Lesson 1

Harakaat — حَرَكَات — Vowel Signs

Harakaat (vowel signs) are short vowel marks placed above or below letters. They help us pronounce
Arabic words correctly and understand the Qur’an with clarity.

Learning ObjectiveBy the end of this lesson, you will recognize the main vowel signs used in Qur’anic Arabic.

َفَتْحَةٌFathahبَ

A short “a” sound.

ُضَمَّةٌDammahبُ

A short “u” sound.

ِكَسْرَةٌKasrahبِ

A short “i” sound.

ْسُكُونٌSukunبْ

No vowel sound.

▣   See Them in the Qur’an

ٱلْحَمْدُ لِلَّهِ

The vowel signs guide correct
pronunciation and meaning.

Quick Check Choose the correct answer for each.

1. What does this mark mean? َ

2. What sound does this make? ُ

3. Which word has a Sukun?

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